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1. Injection molding

Injection molding, also known as injection molding, is a molding method that combines injection and molding. The advantages of the injection molding method are fast production speed and high efficiency, the operation can be automated, there are many designs and colors, the shapes can be from simple to complex, and the sizes can be from large to small, and the product dimensions are accurate, the products are easy to replace, and can be made into complex shapes Parts, injection molding is suitable for mass production and complex-shaped products and other molding processing fields.

At a certain temperature, a completely molten plastic material is stirred by a screw, injected into the mold cavity with high pressure, and cooled and solidified to obtain a molded product. This method is suitable for mass production of components with complex shapes and is one of the important processing methods.

The injection molding process can be roughly divided into the following 6 stages:

Mold clamping, glue injection, pressure maintaining, cooling, mold opening, and product removal.

By repeating the above process, products can be produced periodically in batches. The molding of thermosetting plastics and rubber also involves the same process, but the barrel temperature is lower than that of thermoplastic plastics, and the injection pressure is higher. The mold is heated. After the material is injected, it needs to go through a curing or vulcanization process in the mold, and then is defilmed while it is hot. .

Injection molding process products

2. Extrusion molding

Extrusion molding is also called extrusion in plastic processing. In non-rubber extruder processing, the extrusion using hydraulic press pressure on the mold itself is called extrusion. It refers to a processing method in which the material passes through the action between the extruder barrel and the screw, is heated and plasticized, and pushed forward by the screw, and continuously passes through the machine head to make various cross-section products or semi-finished products.

Thermoplastic or thermosetting molding compound is loaded into the hopper and then enters the barrel, where it is heated and plasticized, and the material is pushed forward by placing a screw and passing through a nozzle with the required cross-section.

Extrusion molding is an efficient, continuous, low-cost, and wide-surface molding processing method. It is an early technology in polymer material processing. After more than 100 years of development, extrusion molding is an important technology in the field of polymer processing. The molding processing method has the most varieties, the most changes, high productivity, strong adaptability, wide range of uses, and the largest proportion of output. Extrusion molding is one of the most important forms of plastic material processing, and it is suitable for most plastic materials except some thermosetting plastics.

Extrusion molding process products

3. Blister molding

Blister molding is also called thermoforming. During forming, the thermoplastic plastic plate or sheet is clamped, fixed on the mold, and heated with a radiant heater. When heated to the softening temperature, a vacuum pump is used to remove the air between the plate and the mold. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the plate It is stretched and deformed to fit the surface of the mold, and after cooling, it is shaped into a finished product.

Blister molding can be used to form packaging products, such as pharmaceutical packaging, disposable lunch boxes, electronic products such as button battery packaging, etc. Thicker sheets can also be used to form shell products such as refrigerator liner, bathroom mirror box, etc.

Blow molding craft products

4. Blow molding

Also called hollow blow molding, a rapidly developing plastic processing method. The blow molding process began to be used to produce low-density polyethylene vials during World War II. In the late 1950s, with the birth of high-density polyethylene and the development of blow molding machines, blow molding technology was widely used. The volume of hollow containers can reach thousands of liters, and some production has adopted computer control. Plastics suitable for blow molding include polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyester, etc. The resulting hollow containers are widely used as industrial packaging containers. According to the parison production method, blow molding can be divided into extrusion blow molding and injection blow molding, and the newly developed multi-layer blow molding and stretch blow molding.

The heated thermoplastic extrusion tube is placed between the two halves of the open mold, gas pressure is applied to expand it against the side wall of the closed mold, the mold is opened, and the product is ejected. Blow molding is commonly used in the daily industry to form car fuel tanks, car heater channels, chemical packaging containers, portable tool suitcases, etc.

Blow molding craft products

5. Calendering

Calendering is a kind of processing that relies on the strong shear force between rollers and the corresponding processing temperature to cause the viscous fluid material to be squeezed and stretched multiple times, and finally becomes a thin sheet product with width and thickness. method. Both plastics and rubber have calendering molding processes, and polyvinyl chloride resin is used as the main raw material in plastics.

Calendering is used to roll dough-like thermoplastic melt into plates of uniform thickness through tandem heating or cooling rollers. Can also be used to laminate plastic coverings to the backside of other materials.

Calendering is a forming method for producing films and sheets of polymer materials, and can be used for both plastics and rubber. Composite products can be produced by passing the treated paper or fabric simultaneously between the last pair of rollers, so that the hot plastic or rubber film is bonded to these substrates only under the pressure of the rollers. This method is called calendering, and for rubber, it is also called taping. The familiar artificial leather, floor leather, wallpaper, etc. are all composite products of plastic and base materials.

Calendering molding process products

6. Foam molding

It is the general name for the foam molding method. According to the foam manufacturing method, it can be divided into two categories: the method of mixing the plastic raw materials for foaming and then producing the foam in one process is called the one-step foaming method, also known as the direct method, and polyurethane foam is its typical representative. ; The method of producing foam plastics in two processes is called the two-step foaming method, also known as the intermittent method.

In the foam molding process or foamed polymer materials, a honeycomb or porous structure is formed through the addition and reaction of physical foaming agents or chemical foaming agents. The basic steps of foam molding are the formation of bubble cores, the growth or expansion of bubble cores, and the stabilization of bubble cores. Under given temperature and pressure conditions, the solubility of the gas decreases until it reaches a saturated state, allowing excess gas to be eliminated and bubbles formed, thereby achieving nucleation.

Almost all thermosetting and thermoplastic plastics can produce microporous structures and be made into foam plastics. Commonly used resins include polystyrene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, urea formaldehyde, phenolic formaldehyde, etc.

Foam molding process products

7. Vinyl

Vinyl is a craft technique for making toys. The material made by this technique is a bit soft and has good elasticity. It is generally used to make dolls. They are usually hollow, but there are also solid ones, and the cost will be higher. Since the day when the world's first vinyl machine was born in Germany in 1924 and the first toy "Chocolate Rabbit" was successfully produced, the unique shaping power of vinyl is destined to bring endless new visual experiences to the world. With the popularity of a series of representative works, vinyl has added gorgeous and colorful colors to the traditional entertainment industry.

Vinyl products are made of special materials. In addition to PVC coarse powder and PVC fine powder, plasticizers, hard oil and other ingredients need to be added, causing the final product to feel different from ordinary PVC toys. Perhaps for this reason, many people think that enamel is the name of a material. In fact, enamel is the name of a manufacturing process. Let me popularize it here.

Vinyl craft products

8. Plastic dip

Dip plastic is also known as plastic coating, hot dip plastic, and hot application plastic coating. Dip molding (plastic coating) is a plastic coating process. According to the different raw materials used for dip molding, it can be divided into liquid dip (coating) molding and powder dip (coating) molding. Dip-molded products have been widely used in all aspects of production and life at home and abroad, such as hangers for drying clothes, pliers, rubber sleeves on scissors, wrenches for water valves, etc.

Powder dipping is often used for coating metal surfaces such as bicycle baskets and railway mesh fences. It is characterized by a strong and hard powder coating.

Most of the liquid dip molding process uses hot dip molding liquid. The thermoplastic coating film has the characteristics of softening when exposed to heat and solidifying into a film after cooling. It is mainly a physical melting and plasticizing process, and the processing and production are relatively simple. The most commonly used one is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) dipping ratio, which is refined from synthetic raw materials of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) mixed with additives. The coating of liquid dip molding is relatively thick and soft, and can be separated from the mold as an independent product with protective properties. Liquid dip molding technology has the advantages of short product design and manufacturing cycle, simple production process, low material cost and low operating cost. It is a technology worthy of promotion in this field. With the continuous improvement of polymer material technology and dip molding equipment technology, the liquid dip molding process will be widely used in the home appliance terminal insulation industry, communication connector protective cap industry and other industries.